# Book 09: Colombian Regulatory Frameworks

Crosswalks with: Colombia GF Taxonomy (TVC 2022), NDC 2030, SISCLIMA, CONPES 4075, Ley 2169 (Acción Climática), Ley de Transición Energética, and COP16 Cali biodiversity commitments.

# Colombia Green Finance Taxonomy (TVC 2022)

Taxonomía Verde de Colombia — 10 sectors

# NDC 2030 Sectoral Targets

Colombia's Nationally Determined Contribution targets by sector

# SISCLIMA

Sistema Nacional de Información sobre Cambio Climático

# CONPES 4075

Política de Transición Energética Justa

# Ley 2169 — Acción Climática

Colombia's Climate Action Law 2021

# Ley Transición Energética

Colombia Energy Transition Law

# COP16 Cali Biodiversity

COP16 commitments from Cali, Colombia 2024

# Colombia NDC 2030 — Sectoral Targets

## Framework Overview

<table id="bkmrk-fieldvalue-framework"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>Framework</td><td>Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) 2030</td></tr><tr><td>Country</td><td>Colombia</td></tr><tr><td>Headline Target</td><td>51% GHG reduction by 2030 from reference scenario (max 169.4 MtCO2eq)</td></tr><tr><td>Carbon Neutrality</td><td>2050</td></tr><tr><td>Last Updated</td><td>NDC 3.0 submitted September 2025</td></tr><tr><td>Legal Basis</td><td>Paris Agreement ratification + Ley 2169/2021</td></tr><tr><td>Taxonomy Column</td><td>col\_ndc2030\_aligned</td></tr></table>

## Sectoral Mitigation Targets

Colombia's NDC distributes mitigation across all major economic sectors, with AFOLU dominating due to deforestation reduction potential:

- **AFOLU (59% of mitigation):** Reduce deforestation to 37,500-50,000 ha/yr by 2035; transition 150,000 ha cocoa and 936,500 ha coffee to agroforestry by 2030; restore 69,000 ha via livestock intensification. Total: ~67 MtCO2e.
- **Waste (14%):** 20.7 MtCO2e by 2030 — methane capture, circular economy (ENEC 2019), wastewater methane valorization.
- **Industry (8.9 MtCO2e):** Cement emissions intensity -7.5% by 2030; PAI PROURE 2022-2030 energy efficiency; carbon tax reaches 100% from 2028.
- **Transport (6.7 MtCO2e):** 600,000 EVs by 2030; 100% ZEV bus sales by 2035; 100% zero-emission new cars/vans by 2040.
- **Energy:** Peak emissions by 2029; 70% renewable electricity (achieved 2024); coal phase-out for power by 2036; halt new oil/gas exploration.
- **Buildings:** Net-zero new buildings by 2030; all buildings by 2050 (CONPES 3919).
- **Black Carbon:** -40% by 2030 vs 2014.

## Adaptation Pillars

- Water security and watershed management
- Agricultural climate resilience (crop varieties, early warning)
- Urban infrastructure resilience
- Coastal and marine ecosystem protection
- Health sector climate preparedness

## Cleantech Taxonomy Mapping

Of the 71 Cleantech Taxonomy nodes, **52 are aligned (Y)**, **9 are partially aligned**, and **10 are not aligned** with NDC 2030 targets. The strongest alignment is in energy systems (13/15 nodes) and AFOLU (8/10 nodes).

# SISCLIMA — Sistema Nacional de Cambio Climático

## Framework Overview

<table id="bkmrk-fieldvalue-framework"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>Framework</td><td>SISCLIMA — Sistema Nacional de Cambio Climático</td></tr><tr><td>Country</td><td>Colombia</td></tr><tr><td>Legal Basis</td><td>Decreto 298 de 2016; Ley 1931 de 2018</td></tr><tr><td>Governing Body</td><td>Comisión Intersectorial de Cambio Climático (CICC)</td></tr><tr><td>Regional Structure</td><td>9 Nodos Regionales de Cambio Climático</td></tr><tr><td>Taxonomy Column</td><td>col\_sisclima\_relevant</td></tr></table>

## System Structure

SISCLIMA is Colombia's institutional coordination framework for climate change. It is NOT a set of targets but an governance architecture that coordinates actions across sectors and regions.

### National Level

- **CICC:** Inter-sectoral commission chaired by MADS, with MinEnergía, MinTransporte, MinAgricultura, MinVivienda, MinComercio, DNP
- **Technical Committee:** Advises CICC on climate science and MRV
- **Financial Committee:** Coordinates climate finance (Finanzas del Clima platform at DNP)
- **Information Committee:** Manages IDEAM climate data systems

### Sectoral PIGCCs

Each ministry develops a Plan Integral de Gestión del Cambio Climático Sectorial (PIGCCS):

- Mining &amp; Energy (MinEnergía)
- Transport (MinTransporte)
- Agriculture (MinAgricultura)
- Commerce &amp; Industry (MinComercio)
- Housing &amp; Territory (MinVivienda)
- Health (MinSalud)
- Environment (MADS — cross-cutting)

### Regional Nodes (9)

Each node coordinates departmental and municipal climate actions, promotes PIGCCTs (territorial plans), and supports REDD+ and adaptation projects.

## Cleantech Taxonomy Mapping

Of the 71 nodes, **47 are relevant (Y)**, **14 are partially relevant**, and **10 are not relevant**. SISCLIMA relevance indicates whether a taxonomy category falls under at least one sectoral PIGCC or regional node mandate.

# CONPES 4075 — Política de Transición Energética

## Framework Overview

<table id="bkmrk-fieldvalue-framework"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>Framework</td><td>CONPES 4075 — Política de Transición Energética</td></tr><tr><td>Country</td><td>Colombia</td></tr><tr><td>Approved</td><td>29 March 2022</td></tr><tr><td>Lead</td><td>DNP + MinEnergía + MinComercio + MinTransporte + MinAmbiente + MinCiencias</td></tr><tr><td>Focus</td><td>Energy sector transition — efficiency, renewables, hydrogen, coverage, digitalization</td></tr><tr><td>Taxonomy Column</td><td>col\_conpes4075</td></tr></table>

## Four Strategic Axes

1. **Energy Security:** Diversify the energy matrix; reduce dependence on hydro (climate-vulnerable); expand FNCE/FNCER capacity
2. **Knowledge &amp; Innovation:** Close human capital gaps; develop qualifications for energy transition; R&amp;D in new energy technologies
3. **Competitiveness &amp; Economic Development:** Position Colombia as a clean energy exporter; green hydrogen hub (La Guajira); attract foreign investment
4. **Low-GHG Energy System:** Reduce emissions from mining-energy sector; phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies; carbon pricing integration

## Action Lines

- Increase energy efficiency across all sectors
- Expand electricity coverage to underserved rural areas
- Deploy FNCER at scale (solar, wind, geothermal, biomass)
- Develop green and blue hydrogen value chain
- Digitalize the mining-energy sector
- Modal shift in transport to electric/efficient modes
- Structure incentives for clean technology adoption

## Cleantech Taxonomy Mapping

Of the 71 nodes, **17 are aligned (Y)**, **17 are partially aligned**, and **37 are not aligned**. CONPES 4075 is narrowly focused on energy transition — it strongly maps to Energy Systems (EN) and Transport (TR) nodes, with partial coverage of Buildings (energy efficiency) and a few extensions (productive energy use, pico-solar).

# Ley 2169 de 2021 — Ley de Acción Climática

## Framework Overview

<table id="bkmrk-fieldvalue-framework"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>Framework</td><td>Ley 2169 de 2021 — Ley de Acción Climática</td></tr><tr><td>Country</td><td>Colombia</td></tr><tr><td>Signed</td><td>22 December 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Headline Target</td><td>Carbon neutrality by 2050; 51% GHG reduction by 2030</td></tr><tr><td>Sectors</td><td>Mining-energy, Housing/territory, Agriculture/fishing/rural, Commerce/industry, Transport, Waste, Environment</td></tr><tr><td>ETS Mandate</td><td>Design emissions trading system by 2030</td></tr><tr><td>Taxonomy Column</td><td>col\_ley2169</td></tr></table>

## Key Provisions

- **Carbon Budget:** Maximum 169.44 MtCO2eq national emissions by 2030
- **Sectoral Targets:** Each of 7 economic sectors must develop binding mitigation and adaptation plans
- **Carbon Tax:** Progressive implementation reaching 100% by 2028 (amended by Ley 2722/2022)
- **ETS:** Mandates design of a national emissions trading system by 2030
- **MRV:** Requires robust measurement, reporting, and verification systems
- **Adaptation:** Each sector must identify climate vulnerabilities and develop adaptation objectives
- **Just Transition:** Provisions for affected workers and communities in fossil fuel transition

## Sectoral Requirements

Ley 2169 requires each sector to develop:

- GHG mitigation trajectories to 2030 and 2050
- Sector-specific adaptation plans
- MRV systems for emission tracking
- Annual progress reports to Congress

## Cleantech Taxonomy Mapping

Of the 71 nodes, **49 are aligned (Y)**, **14 are partially aligned**, and **8 are not aligned**. Ley 2169 has the broadest coverage of any single framework because it is economy-wide and covers both mitigation and adaptation.

# Ley 2099 de 2021 — Ley de Transición Energética

## Framework Overview

<table id="bkmrk-fieldvalue-framework"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>Framework</td><td>Ley 2099 de 2021 — Ley de Transición Energética</td></tr><tr><td>Country</td><td>Colombia</td></tr><tr><td>Signed</td><td>10 July 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Amends</td><td>Ley 1715 de 2014 (FNCE promotion)</td></tr><tr><td>Tax Incentives</td><td>30-year validity from July 2021</td></tr><tr><td>Hydrogen</td><td>Green H2 = FNCER; Blue H2 = FNCE</td></tr><tr><td>Taxonomy Column</td><td>col\_energy\_transition</td></tr></table>

## Key Provisions

- **FNCE/FNCER Expansion:** Extends and strengthens incentives from Ley 1715/2014; 50% income tax deduction for renewable investments
- **Hydrogen Economy:** Classifies green hydrogen (from FNCER) and blue hydrogen (fossil + CCUS) as eligible energy sources with full incentive access
- **Energy Communities:** Establishes legal framework for community energy projects (formalized by Ley 2294/2023)
- **Rural Coverage:** Mandates initiatives to close electricity coverage gaps in rural areas using FNCE
- **EV Infrastructure:** Provisions for electric vehicle charging networks and EV incentives
- **Energy Auctions:** Long-term renewable energy auctions (15-20 year PPAs); Reliability Charge mechanism favoring renewables
- **Just Transition:** Provisions for mining-energy sector workers and communities

## Renewable Energy Targets

- FNCER share in electricity matrix: from &lt;1% (2018) to 12%+ (2022) to ongoing growth
- Solar: 2 GW installed by end 2024; 13.5 GW approved pipeline (2025-2033)
- Wind: 2.8 GW approved onshore; La Guajira potential of 25 GW onshore + 45 GW solar
- Offshore wind: 1 GW by 2030, 9 GW by 2050 (ambitious scenario)

## Cleantech Taxonomy Mapping

Of the 71 nodes, **17 are aligned (Y)**, **11 are partially aligned**, and **43 are not aligned**. Ley 2099 is narrowly focused on energy — it maps strongly to all renewable energy nodes (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass, batteries, grids, hydrogen, EV charging) plus productive energy use for rural communities.

# COP16 Cali — Biodiversity Commitments (October 2024)

## Framework Overview

<table id="bkmrk-fieldvalue-framework"><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>Framework</td><td>COP16 Cali — Biodiversity (Kunming-Montreal GBF Implementation)</td></tr><tr><td>Host</td><td>Colombia (Cali, October 21 - November 1, 2024)</td></tr><tr><td>Parent Framework</td><td>Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF, adopted COP15 2022)</td></tr><tr><td>Key Target</td><td>30x30 — 30% land and sea protected by 2030</td></tr><tr><td>National Instrument</td><td>NBSAP (National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan)</td></tr><tr><td>Taxonomy Column</td><td>col\_cop16\_biodiversity</td></tr></table>

## Colombia's Biodiversity Context

Colombia is the world's second most biodiverse country, hosting approximately 10% of global biodiversity. As COP16 host, Colombia made elevated commitments to biodiversity protection integrated with its climate agenda.

## Key COP16 Outcomes

- **30x30:** Countries committed to protecting 30% of land and 30% of oceans by 2030; Colombia's SINAP (protected areas system) to expand accordingly
- **Indigenous &amp; Local Communities:** Expanded role in biodiversity governance — critical for Colombia's PDET territories and ethnic community conservation
- **Digital Sequence Information (DSI):** Agreement on benefit-sharing mechanism for genetic resource data — affects bioeconomy and bioprospecting
- **NBSAPs:** Countries required to submit national biodiversity strategies showing GBF target implementation
- **Finance:** Calls for USD 200 billion/year in biodiversity finance by 2030; harmful subsidies reform

## Colombia-Specific Relevance

- **Deforestation-Biodiversity Nexus:** Amazon and Chocó deforestation directly threatens biodiversity; linked to EUDR commodity supply chains
- **PES &amp; BanCO2:** Payments for ecosystem services programs connect climate and biodiversity finance
- **Marine &amp; Coastal:** Pacific and Caribbean mangrove restoration, blue carbon, coral reef protection
- **Silvopastoral &amp; Agroforestry:** Biodiversity-compatible agriculture central to Colombian NBSAP

## Cleantech Taxonomy Mapping

Of the 71 nodes, **12 are aligned (Y)**, **8 are partially aligned**, and **51 are not aligned**. COP16 alignment concentrates in AFOLU nodes (land, forests, oceans, livestock), NbS extensions (reforestation, mangroves, silvopastoral, PES, bioeconomy), and monitoring tech (remote sensing, earth observation).

# Colombian Regulatory Crosswalk Summary

## Overview

This page summarizes how 6 Colombian regulatory frameworks map to the 71 Cleantech Taxonomy nodes. Each framework column in the taxonomy indicates whether a given cleantech category is aligned (Y), partially aligned (partial), or not aligned (N) with that framework's scope.

## Framework Coverage Matrix

<table id="bkmrk-frameworkcolumnypart"><tr><th>Framework</th><th>Column</th><th>Y</th><th>Partial</th><th>N</th><th>Scope</th></tr><tr><td>NDC 2030</td><td>col\_ndc2030\_aligned</td><td>52</td><td>9</td><td>10</td><td>Economy-wide climate targets</td></tr><tr><td>SISCLIMA</td><td>col\_sisclima\_relevant</td><td>47</td><td>14</td><td>10</td><td>Institutional coordination</td></tr><tr><td>CONPES 4075</td><td>col\_conpes4075</td><td>17</td><td>17</td><td>37</td><td>Energy transition only</td></tr><tr><td>Ley 2169</td><td>col\_ley2169</td><td>49</td><td>14</td><td>8</td><td>Climate action (broadest)</td></tr><tr><td>Ley 2099</td><td>col\_energy\_transition</td><td>17</td><td>11</td><td>43</td><td>Energy transition only</td></tr><tr><td>COP16 Cali</td><td>col\_cop16\_biodiversity</td><td>12</td><td>8</td><td>51</td><td>Biodiversity only</td></tr></table>

## Key Observations

- **Broadest coverage:** NDC 2030 and Ley 2169 cover 85-90% of taxonomy nodes — they are economy-wide frameworks.
- **Narrowest coverage:** COP16 Cali (17%) and CONPES 4075/Ley 2099 (24% each) — these are domain-specific.
- **Energy nodes:** All 6 frameworks touch energy (EN sector) — the strongest cross-framework convergence.
- **AFOLU nodes:** Strong alignment with NDC, SISCLIMA, Ley 2169, and COP16 — but weak in energy transition frameworks.
- **Gap areas:** Alternative meat/dairy (CT-AF-009/010), nuclear (CT-EN-003), aircraft (CT-TR-005), textiles (CT-WA-003) align with zero or one framework.

## How to Use

Query the Cleantech Taxonomy via BookStack API to find nodes aligned with specific frameworks:

```
GET /api/search?query=[col_ndc2030_aligned=Y] [col_cop16_biodiversity=Y]
```

This returns all nodes that align with BOTH the NDC 2030 AND COP16 biodiversity commitments — useful for identifying climate-biodiversity co-benefit opportunities.