# P02 — FAIR Data Standards
SCD-P02 · Principle 2 of 10
FAIR Data Standards
“Findable. Accessible. Interoperable. Reusable.”
Technical Layer
## Definition
Climate data must conform to FAIR principles: Findable (machine-readable metadata, persistent identifiers such as DOIs or stable URLs), Accessible (open API or public download, no authentication required), Interoperable (standard open formats: JSON-LD, GeoJSON, CSV, NetCDF), and Reusable (explicit open licence, fully documented provenance).
## Rationale
FAIR compliance is a prerequisite for integration into global platforms (Climate TRACE, GFW, EDGAR) and for citation in ISSB S2 and EU CSRD disclosures. Data that is not FAIR cannot contribute to the AI-driven due-diligence economy. The 'From FAIR to FAIR²' framework (Frontiers, 2025) extends FAIR to also require machine-actionability — data that an AI agent can not only read but act upon.
## Implementation Steps 1. Assign a persistent identifier (DOI or stable public URL) to every dataset. 2. Publish data in at least one open format: JSON, CSV, GeoJSON, or NetCDF. 3. Add schema.org or DataCatalog markup to all public data pages. 4. Declare a Creative Commons or equivalent open licence on every dataset. 5. Register datasets with a public catalogue (CKAN, DataCite, or national open data portal). ## Compliance Checklist
CriterionWhat it means
☐**Persistent identifiers assigned**Every dataset has a DOI or stable URL that will not change.
☐**Open format export available**Data downloadable as JSON, CSV, or GeoJSON without login.
☐**schema.org markup present**Dataset metadata is readable by Google Dataset Search and AI agents.
☐**Licence declared**Explicit open licence (CC-BY 4.0 recommended) on every dataset.
## Regulatory References - FAIR Data Principles — Wilkinson et al., Scientific Data (2016) - EU CSRD — Art. 8 Digital Tagging & Machine-Readable Reporting - ISSB IFRS S2 — Appendix A (Definitions, data quality) ## Recommended Tools and Platforms schema.org DataCite CKAN Zenodo OpenAire ## Keywords FAIR principles open data interoperability schema.org machine-readable data catalogue
**Related Principles:** [SCD-P01](https://wiki.cleantechhub.net/books/sovereign-climate-data/page/pp01) · [SCD-P06](https://wiki.cleantechhub.net/books/sovereign-climate-data/page/pp06)